Clinicopathologic findings, sensitivity to house dust mites and efficacy of milbemycin oxime treatment of dogs with Cheyletiella sp. infestation

Twenty-three dogs with positive skin scrapings for Cheyletiella sp. were treated with milbemycin oxime using a protocol approximating 2 mg kg⁻¹ orally once weekly for three weeks. Nineteen of these dogs belonged to a household of 41 dogs and two dogs were in households with one other dog. All in-contact dogs were treated. Pre-treatment intradermal skin tests showed positive reactions to D. farinae in 13 dogs and to D. pteronyssinus in 12 dogs; these became negative post-treatment in four and seven dogs, respectively. All dogs showed a dramatic reduction in clinical signs one week after the third treatment. Eighteen dogs no longer had mites on skin scrapings, three had dead mites and two had deformed eggs. Recurrence of clinical signs necessitated two additional courses of the protocol in the multiple dog household and for a dog receiving immunosuppressive treatment for pemphigus foliaceus. Possible adverse reactions to the milbemycin (vomiting, lethargy) were noted once in two dogs.     

Field evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a combination of spinosad and milbemycin oxime in the treatment and prevention of naturally acquired flea infestations and treatment of intestinal nematode infections in dogs in Europe

Two separate randomised, blinded, multicentre field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of spinosad and milbemycin oxime (MO) (Trifexis^®, Elanco Animal Health) in the treatment and prevention of naturally acquired flea infestations and intestinal nematode infections in European dogs. Treatments using Trifexis^® and each control veterinary product (CVP) were administered once on Day 0 in both field studies.In the flea field trial, 11 veterinary clinics in France participated in the study. On Day 0, whole body flea comb counts were conducted on all dogs being evaluated for enrolment. Dogs with ≥7 fleas on Day 0 were enrolled, treated once on Day 0 with spinosad/MO or the CVP (Stronghold^®; selamectin) and then underwent post-treatment flea counts on Days 14 and 30. There were 150 spinosad/MO treated dogs and 71 CVP treated dogs included in the flea effectiveness population. Effectiveness against fleas (% reduction in geometric means; GM) was 98.97% and 97.37% for the spinosad/MO treated dogs, and 97.43% and 93.96% for the CVP dogs on Days 14 and 30, respectively, compared to the pre-treatment baseline flea counts. Of the spinosad/MO dogs, 89.3% and 80.0% had no live fleas on Days 14 and 30, compared to 77.5% and 70.4% of the CVP dogs, respectively.In the nematode field trial, data from 10 veterinary clinics in France and 19 in Ireland were pooled. Faecal samples from dogs at each clinic were analysed. A positive result at screening (parasite eggs from Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis or Ancylostoma caninum) allowed for enrolment. Dogs were randomised to spinosad/MO or the CVP (Milbemax^®; MO/praziquantel). On Day 8, a post-treatment faecal sample was taken and analysed. Of 2333 dogs screened for nematode eggs, 238 dogs were positive with one or more of these nematodes, and 229 were enrolled in the study. Of the 229 dogs, 151 were treated with a single dose of spinosad/MO, and 77 were treated with a single dose of CVP. Post-treatment effectiveness against all nematodes (% reduction GM) was achieved with reductions of 98.57% and 97.57% for the spinosad/MO treated dogs and CVP dogs, respectively, as compared to the pre-treatment baseline faecal egg counts.Trifexis^® was shown to be safe and effective against natural infestations of fleas as well as mixed and single intestinal nematode infections in client owned dogs in Europe when administered as a single oral administration at the recommended dose.     

A PACS Scheme Based on High-speed Ethernet

Picture archiving and communication system(PACS) is the key way to realize the medical images modernized management, the main work of which is to ensure the medical image information can be transmited and applied with high efficient. The Ether net is a popular local net. The author has described a PACS scheme based on high speed Ether net, with which, many modular functions (medical image sampling, medical image processing, medical image storage, medical image management, medical image review, medical image transmission, medical image edit, et al) can be realized. Also, the PACS can be fused with HIS.     

米尔贝肟的研究进展

米尔贝肟是一种新型的半合成大环内酯类驱虫药,对体内外寄生虫均具有驱杀作用,是公认的具有广谱、高效、安全的驱虫药,特别是对一些伊维菌素敏感的犬相对更为安全。对其产生,理化性质,作用机理,临床应用,安全性及其常见的联合用药等方面进行了综述。     

Formation and chemical structures of acid-soluble lignin II: reaction of aromatic nuclei model compounds with xylan in the presence of a counterpart for condensation,and behavior of lignin model compounds with guaiacyl and syringyl nuclei in 72% sulfuric acid

To elucidate the formation and chemical structures of water-soluble material in acid-soluble lignin (ASL), lignin aromatic nuclei model compounds of creosol (I) and 5-methoxycreosol (II) were reacted with xylose or xylan in the presence of apocynol as a counterpart for condensation in 72% sulfuric acid (SA). The reaction of I gave mainly condensation product. However, the condensation reaction of II with apocynol was suppressed because of steric hindrance from the methoxyl group, and II yielded a C-xyloside after refluxing in 3% SA together with condensation products. To obtain information on CHCl₃-soluble material in ASL, model compounds of arylglycerol--aryl ethers with guaiacyl (VIII) and syringyl (X) nuclei were treated by the Klason procedure. VIII gave only insoluble polymerized product, while X gave insoluble polymerized product and CHCl₃-soluble low molecular weight products, which were dissolved in 3% SA. These results prove earlier views that water-soluble material in ASL consists of condensation products formed from syringyl lignin and monosaccharide units in hemicellulose. In addition, the CHCl₃-soluble material in ASL appears to be composed of low molecular weight degradation products from SA treatment of Klason lignin with the syringyl nucleus.Part of this report was presented at the 51st Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 2001 and at the 47th Lignin Symposium, Fukuoka, October 2002, and was reviewed in Mokuzai Gakkaishi (2002) 48:55–62     

歧化松香缩水甘油醚酯(英文)

歧化松香是一种广泛使用于合成橡胶生产的改性松香。由于酸价高以及其他不理想的性能,歧化松香在涂料领域中的直接使用受到阻碍。本文介绍了以缩水甘油醚为基础制备歧化松香树脂的方法,所制成的树脂可以广泛使用于制油漆、清漆、天然漆以及其它各种用途。这些酯类已制成苯乙烯改性的醇酸树脂而被进一步评价。     

Preparation of amphiphilic lignin derivative as a cellulase stabilizer

A polymeric amphiphile, PE-AL, was prepared from acetic acid lignin (AL) obtained by acetic acid pulping of birch under atmospheric pressure with polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PE) as the crosslinker. The behavior of PE-AL solutions and the complex formation of PE-AL with protein were investigated to clarify the function of this novel lignin derivative. The reduced viscosity of the amphiphile in aqueous solution was low (<0.3dl/g), and it decreased with increasing concentration in dilute solution. This suggested that the PE-AL in aqueous solution has a structure similar to that of Einstein's sphere and shrinks upon hydrophobic interaction among the structural moieties in AL and the exclusive volume effect. The amphiphilic PE-AL obviously formed a complex with bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 4°C with a reaction time of about 1 week. After complex formation with cellulase for 1 week, the cellulase activity of the resulting complex is significantly enhanced and is preserved after recycling the complex for hydrolysis of cellulosic materials several times.Part of this work was presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka, April 1998     

利用MTT法以茼蒿素类似物对昆虫细胞毒力筛选及测定

用MTT法对 1 9种茼蒿素类似物进行了离体细胞筛选 ,并对 2 0号化合物和鱼藤酮进行了细胞毒力测定 .结果表明 ,2 0号化合物对斜纹夜蛾细胞的毒杀效果最好 ,在 1 0 0mg·L-1处理细胞 2 0h细胞的死亡率达到 45 .5 2 % ;2 0号化合物、鱼藤酮细胞毒力测定的LC50 分别为 1 0 9.5 8和 1 6 8 97mg·L-1.     

微生物降解二苯醚类除草剂的研究进展

本文概述了降解二苯醚类除草剂的微生物种类、降解机理及影响微生物降解二苯醚类除草剂的因素,指出利用微生物修复土壤中二苯醚类除草剂残留是一个有效的手段; 同时指出二苯醚类除草剂微生物降解过程中起关键作用的酶及基因有待于进一步研究。     

烤烟石油醚提取物含量影响因素的研究概况

烤烟石油醚提取物含量对烟叶香气具有重要的影响。本文主要概述了农艺措施、调制措施、生态环境因素对石油醚提取物含量的影响,并对研究中存在的问题进行了讨论。